What type of force requires physical contact to occur?

The correct answer is the friction force, as it specifically requires direct contact between two surfaces in order to exist and act upon objects. Friction occurs when two materials rub against each other. This interaction generates resistance that opposes the motion of one surface sliding over the other.

In contrast, gravitational force, magnetic force, and electrostatic force are all examples of non-contact forces. Gravitational force acts at a distance due to mass, magnetic force operates through magnetic fields, and electrostatic force arises from electric charges without the need for direct contact. This distinction highlights how different forces interact with matter and the scenarios in which they are applicable.