What is the primary function of sonar technology?

The primary function of sonar technology is to detect objects underwater. Sonar, which stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging, works by emitting sound waves into the water and then listening for the echoes that bounce back from underwater objects. This technology is particularly useful in navigation, fishing, and underwater exploration, allowing users to determine the distance, size, and shape of objects like submarines, underwater terrains, or schools of fish.

The other options relate to different aspects of sound and technology but do not encompass the main purpose of sonar. Amplifying sound in air pertains more to audio equipment rather than sonar’s focus on underwater applications. Analyzing seismic activity relates to geology and the study of earthquakes rather than underwater detection. Measuring sound waves in solids would involve different technologies and principles, relevant to acoustics rather than sonar’s specific function in marine environments. Thus, sonar's ability to detect and interact with submerged objects in water highlights its essential purpose.